Questões colocadas na aula de Sociologia das Organizações - opção cultural em 11 de Abril de 2005:
1 - Qual a transformação técnica que acontece na passagem do "animal" para o "humano" ?
Ver a paleo-antropologia da técnica: Leroi-Gourhan.
2 - Quais as principais diferenças entre o trabalho do artesão e o do operário,
numa fábrica, em relação ao objecto técnico?
Ver a sociologia da técnica de Simondon: o grau de concretização
3 - O que muda com o trabalho mediado por um computador?
Ver a sociologia da técnica de Stiegler.
Texto recolhido por:
Carlos Oliveira
segunda-feira, abril 18, 2005
domingo, abril 10, 2005
Aula de 4 de Abril de 2005 -Uma questão a partir da leitura do texto de John Law
Aula de 4 de Abril de 2005 -Uma questão a partir da leitura do texto de John Law
Porque é que não existe transferência num processo designado de transferência de tecnologia?
Um esboço de resposta:
Porque as máquinas não existem sem nós, ou seja uma máquina está sempre associada a um utilizador. No caso descrito por Law (a transferência de tecnologia para a Nicarágua), a transferência transformou-se numa construção de algo quase inteiramente novo.
Porque é que não existe transferência num processo designado de transferência de tecnologia?
Um esboço de resposta:
Porque as máquinas não existem sem nós, ou seja uma máquina está sempre associada a um utilizador. No caso descrito por Law (a transferência de tecnologia para a Nicarágua), a transferência transformou-se numa construção de algo quase inteiramente novo.
quarta-feira, abril 06, 2005
A prótese como conceito para estudar a técnica
PROSTHESIS
In cultural theory terms, this is Marshall McLuhan's conception of broadcast media (and, by extension, the Internet) as extensions of our brains. Just as literal prostheses (i.e., the usual dictionary definition) are mechanical extensions of our bodies (mechanical arms, legs, etc.), so the communication network is a figurative prosthesis that acts as an extension of the nervous system. Now that the electronic communication has spread around the world, so has our neural network. "Television has become our eyes, the telephone our mouths and ears; our brains are the interchange for a nervous system that stretches across the whole world" (Woolley, 125).
A lot of people get confused with prosthesis as it's used in this context, getting it confused with terms like "tool". So how is "prosthesis" different from a "tool", and how does the former term help us to understand the new elctronic environment? Well, I would argue that the word "tool" has become too closely identified with a physical object (a hammer, computer, etc.) while "prosthesis" can be adapted (in its figurative sense) to describe the function of communicating -- something which the brain helps us to do, and which can be extended by communications media. Thinking of it is a function instead of an object is useful because, in our (well, at least my) primarily Western orientation to the world we tend to think too objectively (as in terms of tools, which are not actually part of us) instead of subjectively (as in terms of prostheses, which are).
11/97
See also:
Internet
Marshall McLuhan
Television
in: http://www.geneseo.edu/~bicket/panop/subject_P.htm#PROSTHESIS
In cultural theory terms, this is Marshall McLuhan's conception of broadcast media (and, by extension, the Internet) as extensions of our brains. Just as literal prostheses (i.e., the usual dictionary definition) are mechanical extensions of our bodies (mechanical arms, legs, etc.), so the communication network is a figurative prosthesis that acts as an extension of the nervous system. Now that the electronic communication has spread around the world, so has our neural network. "Television has become our eyes, the telephone our mouths and ears; our brains are the interchange for a nervous system that stretches across the whole world" (Woolley, 125).
A lot of people get confused with prosthesis as it's used in this context, getting it confused with terms like "tool". So how is "prosthesis" different from a "tool", and how does the former term help us to understand the new elctronic environment? Well, I would argue that the word "tool" has become too closely identified with a physical object (a hammer, computer, etc.) while "prosthesis" can be adapted (in its figurative sense) to describe the function of communicating -- something which the brain helps us to do, and which can be extended by communications media. Thinking of it is a function instead of an object is useful because, in our (well, at least my) primarily Western orientation to the world we tend to think too objectively (as in terms of tools, which are not actually part of us) instead of subjectively (as in terms of prostheses, which are).
11/97
See also:
Internet
Marshall McLuhan
Television
in: http://www.geneseo.edu/~bicket/panop/subject_P.htm#PROSTHESIS